Bias and variance of some estimators of suspended sediment load
نویسندگان
چکیده
Walling & Webb (1981) made empirical comparisons amongst a number of methods for the estimation of suspended sediment loads. This paper presents expressions for the means and variances of three of the estimates compared by Walling & Webb, on the assumption that suspended sediment concentration, c, and mean daily discharge, q, are bivariate lognormally distributed. With this assumption, not inconsistent with the literature and with data, one of the three estimates is unbiassed and the other two are biassed, the bias being an exponential function of the correlation and standard deviations in the lognormal distribution. This confirms the empirical finding of Walling & Webb and supports theoretical results of Ferguson (1987) which were established without distributional assumptions. Expressions for the variances of the three estimators of suspended sediment loads also confirm the empirical result of Walling & Webb, the unbiassed estimate having variance of order lln whilst the biassed estimates have variances of order 1/n. Biais et variance de certaines estimations de la change de sediments en suspension. Walling et Webb (1981) ont comparé empiriquement plusieurs méthodes pour l'estimation de charges de sédiments en suspension. Cette étude présente des expressions pour les moyennes et les variances parmi trois estimations comparées par Walling et Webb, en supposant que la concentration de sediments en suspension, c, et le débit journalier moyen, q, soient bivariés et distribués log-normalement. À partir de cette supposition, qui est plus au moins en accord avec la documentation et les donnés, l'une des trois estimations n'est pas biaisé et les deux autres le sont. Le biais est une fonction exponentielle de la corrélation et des écarts-type dans la distribution log-normale. Ceci confirme le résultat empirique trouvé par Walling et Webb. Les expressions pour les variances des trois estimations des charges de sédiments en suspension confirme à leur tour le résultat empirique de Walling et Webb, l'estimation sans biais ayant une variance de l'ordre lln alors que les estimations avec biais ont des variances de l'ordre Vn. Open for discussion until 1 December 1990 253
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